미얀마연방군

Gmt2948 (토론 | 기여)님의 2020년 12월 14일 (월) 16:18 판

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The Tatmadaw (틀:MYname, 틀:IPA-my, 틀:Literal translation) is the official name of the armed forces of Myanmar (Burma). It is administered by the Ministry of Defence and composed of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. Auxiliary services include the Myanmar Police Force, the People's Militia Units and until 2013 the Frontier Forces, locally known as Na Sa Kha.[1]

According to the Constitution of Myanmar, the Tatmadaw directly reports to the National Defence and Security Council (NDSC) led by the President of Myanmar.[2] The NDSC is an eleven-member National Security Council responsible for security and defence affairs in Myanmar. The NDSC serves as the highest authority in the Government of Myanmar.

Currently, there is no military draft in Myanmar. Thus, all service personnel are theoretically volunteers, but the People's Militia Law allows for conscription if the President considers it necessary for Myanmar's defence that the provisions of the law be activated. The Tatmadaw has been engaged in a bitter battle with ethnic insurgents and the narco-armies[3] since the country gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1948. Recently, the Tatmadaw is widely accused by Western-backed organisations for the human rights offences including ethnic cleansing,[4][5][6] torture, sexual assault and massacre of civilians.[4][7][8]

Nevertheless, a 2014 survey conducted by the American International Republican Institute across all Myanmar demographics shows military is the most favourable institution, with 84% of respondents saying either "very favorable" or "favorable" ahead of other institutions such as media, government and Burmese opposition.[9]